Only a few have survived. The total number of extant hyangga ranges between 25 [1] and 27, depending on whether certain hyangga are regarded as authentic or not. The hyangga were written using Chinese characters in a system known as hyangchal. They are believed to have been first written down in the Goryeo period, as the style was already beginning to fade. Wihong, the husband of Queen Jinseong of Silla , and the monk Taegu-Hwasang compiled a book about hyanggas.
The name hyangga is formed from the character for "back-country" or "rural village" used by Silla people in describing their nation and the character for "song. Hyangga are characterized by a number of formal rules. The poems may consist of four, eight or ten lines.
The ten-line poems are the most developed, structured into three sections with four, four, and two lines respectively. I have to confess that when it came time to create an example, my mind went blank. I did, however, find several interesting examples: Seodong-yo" The Ballad of Seodong , which is the oldest known hyangga, is a simple, four-line song whose lyrics tell the love scandal of Princess Seonhwa of the Silla Kingdom 57 B. The song was composed by Seodong, a witty, sweet potato-seller in the marketplace in order to trick the king into disowning the princess.
The song was enjoyed for the next years. Seodong Yo Again the moon returns, casting a light on the window. Shortly, shortly, Princess Seonhwa is to become Seodong's bride. The poem is a song that calls upon the moon to convey the supplicant's prayer to the Western paradise, the home of Amita or Amitabha—the Buddha of the Western paradise. It was written by a monk named Gwangdeok or possibly his wife. As you go to the west this night, I pray thee, go before the eternal Buddha And tell him that there is one here Who adores him of the deep oaths And chants daily with hands together saying Oh grant me eternal life!
Oh grant me eternal life! But alas, can any of the 48 vows be kept While still trapped in this mortal frame? We know not where we go Leaves blown, scattered, Though fallen from the same tree, By the first winds of autumn.
Knight Kip'a once stood by the water Reflecting his face in the Iro. The more developed line poems are more priestly or aristocratic adhering to the writing of monks and knights. These poems were full of symbolism. The poems often dwelt on death. Many are elegies and capture the sorrow of mourning for the dead. The elements of the Hyangga are:. For permission to use this work you can write to Tinker icloud. By using this site, you agree to our Guidelines. Share More sharing options Followers 0.
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