Once the central hub of the trade routes from India through the Chumbi Valley, trade routes led west to Shigatse; across the Karola Pass into central Tibet; and east to Lhasa. The iconic Kumbum stupa in Gyantse. Gyantse is renowned for its high fort, known as the Gyantse Dzong, one of the best preserved ancient Dzongs in Tibet, perched on a high spur of rocks above the town. Another famous landmark of the town is the spectacular Kumbum Stupa, the only one of its kind in Tibet.
Standing 32 meters tall, this amazing year-old structure lies in the Pelkor Chode Monastery, and features chapels over its nine levels and is topped by an impressive golden dome. Lying at an average altitude of around 3, meters, Shigatse has a highest altitude of 8, meters, at the summit of Mount Everest, which lies in the Shigatse Prefecture-level City on the Tibetan side of the mountain.
The seat of the Panchen Lama lies at the Tashilhunpo Monastery, on its hill in the center of the city, which was built in by the first Dalai Lama. Known locally as Tingri Shelkar, this small town of less than 1, inhabitants lies at an altitude of around 4, meters, and is the turn-off on the Friendship Highway for those travelers heading for Mount Everest.
The incredible winding road to EBC. The route, which covers around kilometers, heads south and over the infamous Gawu La pass, at 5, meters above sea level to reach the renowned Everest Base Camp. Once an important trading post for the Sherpas from Nepal, this small town lies on the edge of the broad upland basin known as the Tingri Plain, which lies at an average altitude of around 4, meters. Lying at an altitude of 4, meters above sea level, more than meters higher than Lhasa, this stunning and widely-spread lake is said to be shaped either like a fan or a Chinese character.
Turquoise Yamdrok Lake in Shannan Prefecture. One of the few freshwater lakes in Tibet, Yamdrok is more than 72 kilometers long and covers an area of around square kilometers of surface water. This beautiful lake is surrounded by mountains on all sides, which feed the lake from their snow-melt run off, with the Yarlung Tsangbo River valley just a short distance to the north.
Getting to the lake from Lhasa requires traveling over the high Gampa La Pass, which sits at an altitude of around 4, meters. Located on the border of Damxung County in Lhasa and Baingoin County of Nagqu Prefecture, this stunning lake lies at an average altitude of around 4, meters above sea level. Heavenly Namtso Lake, the world's highest saline lake. Getting to Lake Namtso from Lhasa means heading north on the Qinghai Tibet Highway and turning off to cross over the Nagenla Pass, which climbs up over the Nyenchen Tanglha Mountains, which separate the lake from the road and rail links to Tibet.
Among them, there are 1, lakes with an area of more than 1 square kilometer. That makes it the plateau containing the largest area and number of lakes. In the northeast corner of the plateau, Qinghai Lake is the largest inland saltwater lake in China. It covers an area of 4, square kilometers 1, square miles. The lake is about 3, meters 10,feet above sea level. The Chaerhan Salt Lake is the largest salt lake in China.
At the same time, it is also one of the most famous interior salt lakes in the world. Lake Namtso at an altitude of 4, meters 15, feet is the biggest saltwater lake in Tibet. Most of the plateau is grassland, and some of it is tundra-like in the arctic. Because the region is high and arid, there aren't a lot of big animals.
Large animals include wolves, leopards, antelopes, and yaks. Large birds such as hawks, eagles, and vultures also live there. Most of the population of the plateau is ethnic Tibetan , but there are also ethnic Han Chinese, Mongols , and other ethnic groups.
It is estimated that 4. Tibetans don't only live in Tibet. They also live in several Chinese provinces west and north of Tibet such as Qinghai. Tibet has a population of about 3 million, and Qinghai has a population of almost 6 million.
There is such a low population on the Tibetan Plateau because the climate there is not very suitable for human habitation. The climate is dry and cold with a lack of oxygen. In the map below, you can see that the highest prefectures of the plateau in Tibet are in the north and west.
Lhasa Prefecture in the center is substantially lower and Nyingchi is the lowest prefecture. The Himalayan Mountain chain is the southern boundary of the vast plateau. Tibetan Plateau has an average altitude of 4, meters; it is difficult for ordinary people to visit there. Because they grow up there and through heredity, Tibetans have more nitrogen oxide in their blood than any other ethnic group.
This helps them absorb oxygen more easily. Low oxygen makes it difficult for people over 60 and many other people to visit some parts of the plateau such as Ngari Ali Prefecture in northeastern Tibet because the altitude is high at over 4, meters 14, feet and facilities are primitive. So, people who wish to travel to higher regions of the plateau should acclimate first lower down.
For example, travelers in Tibet could first spend at least 3 days at a place with relatively low altitude such as Lhasa for acclimatization before traveling to a higher altitude. Even Lhasa itself gives almost everyone a case of mild altitude sickness. The cultural and architectural attractions are mainly around the city of Lhasa in a circle around it that includes Shigatse and Gyantse up to altitude 4, meters within a 4-orhour drive southwest Lhasa and Nagqu altitude 4, meters a 5-orhour drive north of Lhasa.
The weather on the plateau depends on the altitude: temperature decreases with an increase of altitude. It towers over southwestern China at an average elevation of m above sea level and is known as "the roof of the world. The plateau has a highland continental climate and a very complex topography with great variations. Second, at what altitude do Tibetans live?
Current geological evidence points to the emergence of these monsoons 23 million years ago — coinciding with a time when the plateau and surrounding mountain ranges are thought to have become high and expansive, he says. Ding, L. Earth Planet. Download references.
You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar. Organic pollutants poison the roof of the world Apr Glaciologists to target third pole Apr Thawing permafrost reduces river runoff Jan China: The third pole Jul Environment: Riding on the roof of the world Sep Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research.
Ding Lin. Reprints and Permissions. Qiu, J.
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